Awadhi Mutton Biriyani, Galouti Kabab and Shirmal

Awadhi cuisine
Awadhi cuisine is from the city of Lucknow.The Awadh region has been greatly influenced by Mughal cooking techniques, and the cuisine of Lucknow bears similarities to those of Central Asia, Kashmir, Punjab and Hyderabad. The city is also known for its Nawabi foods. The bawarchis (chefs) and rakabdars (gourmet cooks) of Awadh invented the dum style of cooking or the art of cooking over a slow fire, which has become synonymous with Lucknow today.Their spreads consisted of elaborate dishes such as kebabs, kormas, biryanis, kaliyas, nahari-kulchas, zarda, sheermal, roomali rotis, and warqi parathas. The richness of Awadh cuisine lies not only in the variety of cuisine but also in the ingredients used like mutton, paneer, and rich spices, which include cardamom and saffron.
Information source Net

Awadhi Mutton Biriyani or the Dum Biriyani is slow cooked mutton cooked with rice on charcoal.
I have made this in a more easy and a quick way by pressure cooking the mutton and then giving it a dum.

Awadhi Mutton Biriyani

For Biriyani Masala
Ingredients
1 Cinnamon Stick
8-10 Cloves
2-3 tsp Cumin seeds
1 tsp Fennel seeds
2 tsp Coriander seeds
1 tsp Pepper corns
1 Star Anise
1 Mace
1 Black Cardamom
2 Green Cardamom
2 Dry Rec Chilli
2 Bay Leaves

Method
Grind all the above ingredients into a powder.

For the Wet Masala
Ingredients
6 Garlic cloves
1 piece of Ginger
2 to 4 Green Chilli
1 tbsp Mint leaves
1 tbsp Coriander leaves

Method
Grind all the wet ingredients into a paste.

For Cooking the Biriyani
Ingredients
1 kg Mutton washed and cut into pieces Pieces
750 Grams of Rice washed and soaked for 30 minutes
2 Onion Sliced
1/4 cup Curd
1/4 cup Milk
Few strands of Saffron
1/2 tsp Turmeric powder
2 tbsp of the Biriyani Masala
Wet Masala
2 Bay Leaves
2 Cloves
2 Green Cardomom
1 small Cinnamon stick
Salt to taste
2 tbsp Ghee
Few drops of Kewda or Rose essence
Few Mint and Coriander leaves chopped

Method
Take a cooker, add 1 1/2 tbsp Ghee. Fry the onions until brown in colour. Remove 1 tbsp brown Onion aside for garnishing. Add the bay leaves, Cardamon, cloves and cinnamon n the cooker. Add the mutton, sauté it for 10 minutes. Add the curd, wet masala, salt, turmeric powder, biriyani masala and salt, sauté it for 10 minutes. Add 4 cups water, close the lid of the pressure cooker, give 4 whistle or cook till the mutton is 80% done. Let the pressure release. Transfer the mutton and the gravy in the deep pot. The gravy in the pot should be double the quantity of the rice, (if the rice is 2 cups then the water should be 4 cups). Let the gravy simmer, spread the rice in the pot, on the gravy. Cover and cook, till the rice is almost 75 % done. Heat the milk, add the saffron, Kewda essence and remaining ghee. Mix it. Pour the milk on the rice. Sprinkle with coriander leaves, mint leaves and fried onions. Cover and seal the lid. Keep a thick skillet underneath the pot, cook the biriyani on dum, till steam comes out of the pot. Keep checking in between as the biriyani should not burn from underneath. Serve with raita or salad.

P.S. Usually the biriyani it slow cooked in pots on charcoal and wood fire. If using pressure cooker and it fasters the process of cooking, for the taste to enhance in the biriyani, cook the Biriyani few hours before serving.

Galouti kebab served with Shirmal...

The Galouti kebab is a famous Awadhi cuisine of Lucknow. The original dish is made from minced goat, gaur or buffalo meat and green papaya, traditionally used to tenderize the meat. After mixing with herbs and more than 100 spices, the very finely ground meat is shaped into patties and fried in pure ghee until it is browned. Galawati kebab was created for an aging Nawab of Lucknow. Wajid Ali Shah who lost his teeth, but could not leave his passion for eating meat. Galawati means "melt in your mouth" and was perfect for the toothless Nawab who continued savouring this until his last days.

I have tried to make Galouti Kababs in a guilt free and in a easy way which I have served with Shirmal... And made from whole wheat flour and yogurt instead of yeast and kept for proofing for 2 hours and then baked it.

For the Dry Masala powder
Ingredients
1/2 tsp Caraway seeds
1/2 tsp Coriander seeds
1/4 tsp Fennel seeds
1 Black Cardamon seeds
2 Green Cardamon
4 Cloves
1 piece Cinnamon
6 Black Pepper seeds
2 Red Dry Chillies
1 Mace
1 Star Anis
1/4 Nutmeg

Method
Grind all the above ingredients into a fine powder.

For the Kabab
Ingredients
250 grams Boneless Mutton
2 Green Chillies
6 Garlic cloves
1 piece of Ginger
2 tbsp of Roasted / Brown Fried Onions
2 tbsp of Roasted Garam flour
1 1/2 tbsp of Dry Masala Powder
Salt to taste
Ghee for Brushing

Method
In a blender, blend all the above ingredients into a fine paste. Take the paste out of the blender into a plate and mash it very well with the palms for 5 minutes or till dough starts to form. Keep it in the fridge for an hour or more, take a nonstick pan, brush ghee on it. Make small lime size balls(kababs) out of the paste. Press it between the palm to give it a oval shape. And fry it in the non stick pan, brushing ghee in between. Cook till brown on both the sides. Serve with ssliced onions, mint chutney and Shirmal.
P.s. Mutton keema is used, to make the Kabab, but even boneless mutton can be directly blended in the blender to make keema.

Shirmal is a saffron flavoured traditional mildly sweet flat bread made out of Maida, yeast and baked in a tandoor or oven. It is a dish made in Lucknow and many other countries and served with Kababs or Mutton Gravy. It has been influenced from the Mughal Cusine and is a delicacy of Awadhi cusine.

For the Shirmal
Ingredients
2 cups whole wheat Flour
Salt to taste
1 tsp Soda bicarbonate
1/2 tbsp Sugar
1 cup Yogurt
3 tbsp Milk
Few Strand of Saffron
1/2  tbsp Melted Ghee
Melted Butter for Brushing

Method
Warm up the milk, add saffron and sugar, dissolve the sugar. In a mixing bowl, add flour, salt and soda bicarbonate. Mix it, beat the yogurt, mix milk in the yogurt, keeping 1 tsp milk aside for brushing.  Add the liquid to the flour. Knead it to make a dough. Add ghee and knead it for 10 minutes. Keep it covered for 2 hours. Preheat oven to 200 degrees Celcius.Divide the dough into 4 equal sized portions. Roll out each portion into a circle of about ½ inch thickness and about 6 inch diameter. Prick the rolled dough with fork.When you are ready to bake brush them with saffron milk.Bake at 200 degrees Celcius for 15 to 20 minutes or until it become golden yellow color. Once the bread is baked and out oven, brush with melted butter.